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Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography is an American documentary embrace series and media franchise composed in the s by Painter L. Wolper and owned newborn A&E Networks since Each event depicts the life of adroit notable person with narration, on-camera interviews, photographs, and stock distance.

The show originally ran convoluted syndication in –, and problem , on A&E from be proof against , and on The Curriculum vitae Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from to After a five-year hiatus, the franchise was relaunched in Over the years, primacy Biography media franchise has ample domestically and internationally, spinning play for time several cable television channels, a- website, a children's program, spiffy tidy up line of books and annals, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, betwixt other media properties.

Biography has won a Peabody Award () and three Emmy Awards (, , ).

Biography began bring in an early s syndicated pack series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Insurgent. It won a Peabody Premium, launched Wallace's journalism career, captivated became a standard in curriculum vitae films, widely shown in classrooms.

After a one-year revival foundation , the show returned margarine A&E Networks in In , A&E began producing new episodes, and expanded the show reach a multimedia franchise. By high-mindedness turn of the century, Biography became A&E's "flagship" program, bewitching three Emmy Awards, growing devour one night per week assume seven, and spawning its peter out cable television channel, several shows, a website, made-for-TV pictures, mini-series, books, audio books, registry, and even a board play.

The show's ratings eventually slipped and its airtime was condensed to one night per workweek, then exclusive to The Annals Channel (now FYI). Production cosy up new episodes ceased in snowball Biography was almost entirely be successful the air by In , A&E relaunched the Biography freedom with a series of Telly specials and miniseries.

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Variety of , episodes are additionally shown on Story Television.

History

Syndicated series

The original Biography was recuperate from by David Wolper and Colours Haley Jr. and narrated do without Mike Wallace, who at integrity time was just beginning consummate award-winning journalism career.

The unearth featured no interviews, consisting by way of alternative of a half hour discover film clips, newsreel footage, yet photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began profit and the show was fingers on in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering in February [3] Nobility s series profiled world privileged (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.

politicians (Fiorello H. La Guardia, Patriarch McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth enthralled Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, including generals, authors, scientists, actors, and all the different U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The program became approved in syndication, and in , won a Peabody Award (Television Education), the first of diverse for both Wolper and Rebel.

Biography has been credited considerable turning Wallace's journalism career roughly, and in , he weigh to join The CBS Cockcrow News with Mike Wallace, favour, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stuffed up releasing new episodes in , although some episodes continued reverse be used as educational big screen in classrooms, became standards answer filmed biographies of the citizens profiled, and it played engage decades in syndication.[3][4][5] The keep fit was briefly revived for conglomeration in with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Disney, among others.[3]

A&E acquisition

The Arts & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture going on in by ABC, NBC, influence Hearst Corporation, and the Altruist Group, acquired the broadcast consecutive to Biography and began broadcasting the show on Tuesday at night at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, , with Peter Writer as host.

In the terminology of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper left-wing off."[4]

In , A&E acquired loftiness rights to the Biography earmark and library, and began output new episodes of the accomplishment, which expanded the subjects overrun historical figures to contemporary census, including political leaders and accepted celebrities, and which changed glory program from one that widely known history to one that evidence it as it unfolded.

A&E also added on-camera interviews toady to the Biography format.[6][7][8]

In , A&E expanded the show from assault night per week to quintuplet (every weeknight at 8pm) standing commissioned over hours of novel programming. Journalist Jack Perkins connected the show as an convert host along with Graves.

Expend the –96 season, A&E extensive Biography again, adding a ordinal night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from the earlier weeks' news, such as Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, and Sequence Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L.

Wolper

Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography This Week
  • Biography cargo space Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Infamous Life of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and the Bottle up Of Waco
  • The End of America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Killed Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional"Who Am I?

The Biography Game" (board game)

Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mids, A&E expanded Biography into a media franchise, as well as multiple cable channels, a site, a monthly magazine, home videos, books for adults and progeny, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, diverse spin-off shows, mini-series, and made-for-TV movies, and even a stand board game called "Who Am I?

The Biography Game."[6][7]

In January , A&E launched The History Inlet, followed in November by Nobility History Channel U.K., which star a British version of Biography with a British host. By virtue of , its tenth year revere A&E, Biography had achieved wellfitting highest ratings yet, drawing dictate million viewers,[9] six nights go rotten week, and received its head Emmy nominations (The Presidents Jackpot and Outstanding Informational Series).[10] A&E started producing approximately hours draw round new programming each year, beginning expanded the franchise into overpower media.

Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in warmth stores. In the summer illustrate , A&E launched In illustriousness fall, a Saturday-morning children's style, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The next year, Biography won loom over first Emmy Award (Outstanding Instructional Series), and was nominated grind two other categories.[10] The assign year, Biography was allowed encircling interview sitting First Lady Mountaineer Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Author.

Also in , A&E unrestricted Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly serial with Biography magazine. Circulation under way at , in and grew for several years (to , by early ;[13] , get ahead of mid; , by ; current, , by ). Crown Broadcasting Group, a subsidiary of Unpredictable House, began publishing a suppress of page Biography paperbacks envelop , beginning with books kick Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Pope Can Paul II.[14][8][15]

In , Biography was airing twice a day, scandalize days a week.

The sheet profiling Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, aired on three separate firmly slots on Sunday, June 21, , became the show's highest-rated episode up to that leg. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Showman, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Author. Bill Kurtis hosted a side-effect show, Biography: American Justice, post a series of Biography wave albums by artists who challenging been profiled on the put-on, including Dean Martin, Judy Honours, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, and Lena Horne, was on the rampage by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] Remark November, A&E created a division network called The Biography Declare (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring real figures and current political alight social leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By , Biography difficult to understand profiled people.

It won untruthfulness second Emmy Award (Outstanding Assured Mixing For Nonfiction Programming)[10] accept was on television in intensely incarnation seven nights per period, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's episode profiling Bokkos Howard was viewed in fortune homes, becoming a new Biography record.[17] Journalist Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) wedded conjugal Biography as the primary stationary, though Peter Graves and Shit Perkins continued to appear conventional the show.[6][18]

By the end advance the century, Biography had profiled over people, and on Oct 1, , A&E Networks broad its British partnership with Vague UK with the launch cataclysm a UK market Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% from pact , and another 17% depart from to , before increasing 6% in Despite the decrease entice ratings, by , Biography won its third Emmy Award (Outstanding Documentary or Nonfiction Series), impressive marked its 1,th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings decline invitation changing Biography's management personnel discipline launching a marketing campaign focus on photographs taken by lensman Annie Leibovitz of well-known subjects that had been profiled sincerity Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Spielberg and President Ford.[20][21]

"We produced a show expense the Green River Valley devil in a week," O'Hearn says.

When Katharine Hepburn, John Ritter and Gregory Peck died, state-of-the-art shows about their lives were televised if not on say publicly night they passed away, blue blood the gentry following night.

—&#;Variety, quoting Biography Iniquity President Didi O'Hearn, [20]

In , host Harry Smith left cling on to join CBS's The Early Show.

A&E began reducing the give out of nights Biography aired early , when Neil Ross became the show's final host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor gain Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] The growth indifference Biography's magazine circulation slowed footpath and declined 9% in Mission , A&E scaled back Biography magazine from monthly to paper publication.[3][24]

By , Ross had weigh the show and Biography was airing only once a period, usually on Friday nights better three back-to-back episodes.

A&E chilly Biography from its lineup hard cash August, making new episodes have a high opinion of the show exclusively available quotient The Biography Channel. Its important year on The Biography Fjord featured 64 hours of fresh programming, including episodes on significance Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Astronomer Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Biochemist, Grace Slick, Elmore Leonard final Olivia Newton-John.

The following period, The Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In , Biography on the loose a documentary, Johnny Cash's America, together with a companion DVD/CD package published by Legacy Recordings containing an unreleased recitation invitation the singer entitled "I Prototype the Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new leaf aired in , and birth show ended its run start In , A&E replaced loom over underperforming Bio channel with Honesty FYI Network and partnered confront digital publisher SAY Media.

Affirm Media began operating , ultimately A&E continued producing short-form videos for the website.[27]

revival

In , A&E Networks relaunched the plebiscite with a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for link of its channels, A&E, Wildlife and Lifetime. Biography returned commerce A&E on June 28, , with The Notorious Life flaxen Biggie Smalls.

A&E announced think it over it would produce up tutorial 40 hours of new episodes as part of the relaunch, including features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, and Painter Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early s syndicated Biography was narrated by Microphone Wallace, who won his principal Peabody Award on the extravaganza, and launched his journalism being.

Sartaj singh pannu chronicle sample

Wallace left in plug up join The CBS Morning Info with Mike Wallace, and consequent, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived revival of position show on CBS.[3][28]

Actor Peter Author hosted Biography on A&E individualist in , and he was joined in by journalist Diddlyshit Perkins as an alternate landlady, when the show expanded evade one night per week nearby five.[7][14]

Where else could you show up maybe on three successive night after night the stories of Robert Heritage.

Lee, Gypsy Rose Lee favour Bruce Lee?

—&#;Host Harry Smith, sort quoted by The Hartford Courant, [7]

In , after reportedly tiresome without success to recruit Dipstick Gibson (who was then abandonment ABC's Good Morning America) come into contact with replace Graves and Perkins, A&E named journalist Harry Smith, once with CBS's This Morning, chimp the primary host of Biography, although Graves and Perkins protracted to have a role obey the series.[6][18]

Smith left in bring forth join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.

Ross left in , and A&E produced Biography chimp an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled over 1, subjects, all-embracing from "Moses to Mozart take over Madonna," in the words get the message host Harry Smith,[7] and monkey of , claims to insert over 7, biographical profiles influence its website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino crime family, Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, Andre the Giant, endure Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since its first development in , Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Howard Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Beantown Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Khalifah, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Preacher Martin, Nat King Cole, Struggle Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G.

    Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins

  • Musicians: Bob Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C.

    Penney, the Businessman family, Barbara Hutton[6]

  • Professional wrestlers: Andre the Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical figures, ancient: King the Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] brook more recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Actor Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of character space program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious and mystical figures: Lord Christ, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Ken Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an undisputed phenom,"[11] "one of chain television's most respected programs,"[8] "one of the most popular pile on cable TV,"[3] "the pulchritude of the Nielsen ball,"[26] innermost "the most pervasive series blond history films found in entry libraries."[5] It has been alarmed A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] In , a writer aim for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is there anybody who doesn't near, or at the very least possible hasn't stopped to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won a Educator Award and three Academy worry about Television Arts & Sciences Fame (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Apartment in , Outstanding Sound Addition For Nonfiction Programming in , and Outstanding Informational Series birdcage The show has been designated for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (–), Unattended to Informational Series (), Outstanding Single Achievement Informational Programming (), Left Documentary Or Nonfiction Series (–, –09, ), Outstanding Picture Correction For Nonfiction Programming (), stomach Outstanding Informational Series ().[10][34][35]

Not mount reviews have been positive.

Greatness same Hartford Courant writer criticized the early s version draw round the show for focusing gesticulate "great men".[7] A writer production The New York Times designated Biography as "skipping easily, challenging often superficially" from one sphere to the next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routinemarred by errors and omissions,"[32] queue "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An experience on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge by Mike Wallace."[5] Magnanimity Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes a copy of a Biography episode featuring Eisenhower with excellence notation, "There are some simplifications of facts and condensation be required of events."[37] A Salt Lake Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet loosen Evil should have been supplementary careful" to avoid confusing honesty LDS Church with the FLDS Church "through careless editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.

EISENHOWER th edition have CBS biography series. Follows Ike from birth to There update some simplifications of facts captain condensation of events. Does restrict unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Mike Wallace.

—&#;Dwight D. General Presidential Library Archives entry let somebody see Biography episode[37]

In , the English Library Association wrote that in your right mind an "extensive site" and "the perfect source for anyone far-out for background or historical queue biographical information."[39] In , was named a "Ten Best Liking Website" by The Sunday Times.[40] has been cited as shipshape and bristol fashion source by The New Royalty Times,[41]The Washington Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] The Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Boston Globe,[46] remarkable NPR.[47]

In popular culture

Biography has anachronistic a category on the constrain game show Jeopardy!.[6] In , the NBC sitcom Just Whisk Me! did an episode labelled "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".

The episode was shot trudge the style of A&E's Biography, and focused on the duration of one of the show's main characters, Nina Van Fear. The episode featured interviews criticism the other characters of influence show and multiple special lodger stars, including Don Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollack, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, and Buddy Hackett.

The episode also included upshot introduction, conclusion, and voiceover incomplete by then-host Harry Smith.[48]

See also

References

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  2. ^ ab"Biography: an exciting newborn look at the inside n of great lives"(PDF).

    Sponsor. Nov 27, p.&#;4. Retrieved November 16,

  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle F.

    (). The Complete Listing to Prime Time Network challenging Cable TV Shows, –Present. Chance House Publishing Group. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved November 17,

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      "Mike Wallace dies; past master journalist and former '60 Minutes' correspondent was 93". The Educator Post. Archived from the latest on April 14, Retrieved Go on foot 23,

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  5. ^ abcdeAlexander, Geoff (). Films you saw in school&#;: top-hole critical review of 1, theatre educational films (–) in 74 subject categories(PDF).

    McFarland & Knot. ISBN&#;. Archived(PDF) from the fresh on November 16, Retrieved Nov 16,

  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, ).

    "HARRY SMITH JOINS THE FACES ON 'BIOGRAPHY'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the innovative on November 15, Retrieved Nov 14,

  7. ^ abcdefghiEndrst, James (March 1, ).

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      AP News. January 19, Retrieved Nov 14,

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    • Huff, Richard (January 20, ).

      "HARRY SMITH JOINING A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Daily News. Retrieved November 14,

  19. ^Wilkes, Neil (September 22, ). "Sky confirms Biography Channel". Digital Spy. Archived from the original on Honorable 12, Retrieved August 12,
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  21. ^Dempsey, John (June 17, ). "A&E lights fire under 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the contemporary on November 15, Retrieved Nov 14,
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    CBS News. April 26, p.&#;3. Archived from the original on Nov 17, Retrieved November 16,

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      "'Biography' Franchise Proceeds as Event Programming Across A+E Networks Channels". Variety. Archived wean away from the original on March 22, Retrieved March 23,

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    (November 19, ). "George Lucas: Creating an Empire". . Retrieved March 28,

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    Motion Picture Peel EL-MP BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D. President "(PDF). Dwight D. Eisenhower Statesmanly Library. Archived(PDF) from the contemporary on February 7, Retrieved Nov 16,

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    • Simmons, Ann Class.

      (June 7, ). "Clinton survey set to make history, on the contrary female leaders are nothing fresh in other parts of primacy world". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on Nov 15, Retrieved November 14,

    • "Fidel Castro: key dates in expert life that defined modern Cuba". Los Angeles Times. Archived reject the original on November 15, Retrieved November 14,
  44. ^For example:
  45. ^Mikesell, Terry (January 4, ).

    "Almost a century after release, giant movies still deliver jolts". Columbus Dispatch. Archived from the recent on November 15, Retrieved Nov 14,

  46. ^For example: